Hip-Hop Police

Question: What are they? What do they do? Within your analysis provide 3 songs that discuss issues within law, the legal system, lawyers, judges, or any other court personnel. Answer: Hip-hop police is a term used for the New York City Police Department in the hip-hop industry to prosecute the rappers for criminal activity. The hip-hop police are involved in investigating criminal activity within the rap industry. The police originate in New York and are spreading to Police Department in several cities. They do not have respect in the hip-hop industry as they have been stalking and aggressively investigating high-profile rap artists (Smith and Siegler). The role of hip-hop police involves detaining criminal activity. Nelly, one of the rappers was detained for having drugs and guns on his tour bus. The hip-hop police are under controversies that they are against black men. The people argue that the rappers are young black men for which they are targeted. The police are looking actively for drugs, arms and other illegal possessions. Not just the illegal possessions, the hip-hop police have also charged the rappers because of their lyrics (Otiko). Everyone from amateurs to high-profile rappers are being targeted and watched by law enforcement. One of the rappers from Virginia was charged for double murder after he was caught about bragging for the crime in one of his songs Ride Out. The song was posted on Stewards MySpace page in 2009 for which he was charged for two felonies (Moran). One of the songs Trapped by Tupac Shakur or 2Pac, a rap giant is about the police harassment created in 1991 (YouTube). He was one of the well known rap figures and artists as he played about the social inequalities such as poverty and racism. In the song Trapped, he displays his anger and emotions that is caused due to police harassing the poor black communities. He further sings about police oppression and police harassment in Holler if Ya Hear Me (Holloway). Another song by Killer Mike, Dont Die is about the police violence. The track was released in 2012 for the victims of police brutality such as Sean Bell, Fred Hampton, Oscar Grant and othe r good men who were killed in the country unjustly. He also gave a speech after a few hours of Ferguson verdict that was at its heartbreaking earnestness (Holloway). However, it is argued that not all rappers make confession through their songs and it is simply a form of art. It is analyzed that the hip-hop police is investigating and assessing the crimes committed by people. The rappers turn out to be confessing their crimes through songs and are bragging about the same. The hip-hop police are keeping a check on the songs written by them. They are keeping songs on their watch-list as they perceive hip-hop as a culture of violence. The police gang intelligence units are also keeping a check on the nightclubs to avoid criminal activities. The hip-hop police are also compiling a dossier on rappers having criminal histories. The hip-hop police have taken this initiative for ensuring safety of individuals in the music industry as well as the local community (Smith and Siegler). References Holloway, Kali. "F*Ck Tha Police: 20 Songs Against Police Brutality".Alternet. N.p., 2014. Web. 5 Aug. 2016. Moran, Lee. "Rapper's Song Gets Him Arrested For Homicide".NY Daily News. N.p., 2013. Web. 4 Aug. 2016. Otiko, Manny. "Rappers Face Extra Scrutiny From The Hip-Hop Police".Ourweekly.com. N.p., 2015. Web. 4 Aug. 2016. Smith, Emily and Mara Siegler. "Drake, Chris Brown On NYPD Hip Hop Squad Watch List". Page Six. N.p., 2014. Web. 5 Aug. 2016. YouTube,. "2Pac - Trapped".YouTube. N.p., 2006. Web. 5 Aug. 2016.

Equity & Trust Charitable Business Purpose

Question: Discuss about the Equity Trust for Charitable Business Purpose. Answer: Part A Issue Whether the objects of the entities which have been mentioned in the question would be charitable at law or not? Rule Charities Act 2005 Application Established for a charitable purpose, they are a type of express trust but they differ in that: It isnt necessary to have a human beneficiary Therefore the test for certainty of objects becomes irrelevant for a charitable trust Rather the key question is whether the settlor intending to create a trust for a valid charitable purpose Charitable trust arent subject to the rule against perpetuities, they can go on forever, dont have to end. Charities (including charitable trusts) registered under the Charities Act 2005 enjoy a number of financial advantages. Including exemptions from: Income tax-Charitable trusts can run business to generate income for their charity purpose, just because youre a business doesnt mean you will loose your charitable trust statues. Gift duty Rates (in some circumstances) Because charitable trust dont need to have a human beneficiary there is not necessarily any person who can enforce the trust. As a result, the crown via the Attorney General is empowered with oversight of charitable trusts. Charity is represented by the AG, if something goes wrong, they have to go to court, law gives AG a general oversight in terms of charitable trusts. (New Zealand legislation, 2016). Pemsels Case (Income Tax-Special Purposes Commissioners v Pemsel[1891] AC 531: MacNaughton L ruled that the list of 1601 came down to four heads of charity; Trusts for the relief of poverty Trusts for the advancement of education Trust for the advancement of religion and; Trust for other purposes beneficial to the community and not falling under the other three heads Conclusion So, it has been concluded that Yes, the objectives of both the entities were charitable at law as it has been clearly defined under section 13 of the Charities Act. Part B Issue Whether there are some situations by which the charitable trust variations takes place or not? Rule Charitable Trusts Act 1957 Application once trust established for charitable purpse, property cannot revert back, can only ever be used for a charitable purpose. Re Twigger [1989] 3 NZLR 329: A rich man in the 19thCentury, in his will set up trusts for an old persons home, the Canterbury orphanage and for a CHCH refuge for city women who had succumbed to the temptations incidents of city life. The old peoples home today is still going, but the orphanage is not. In the 1980s a hospital board proposed a scheme to reorganise the money. Tipping J found problems with their proposal. He said under the old rules the money had to go to a purpose as close as possible to the failed one, but there was no such restriction in s32, only a moral obligation that the wishes of the will maker should be followed as closely as possible. The money for the orphanage was later transferred to a childrens home instead. Tipping J said under the Act he could not modify the proposed scheme, the trustees would have to go away, draw up a new one, get the AGs approval and then bring it back to the court. He thought there should be reform, but it has never eventuated. Re Slatters Will Trust [1964]Ch 512: left all money to a saburculoses hospital, time she died, hospital was closed. What happens? Under equitable principles the trustees can apply for a cy-pres modification of trust where a modification is found as close to the settlors intentions as possible, even if original purpose is impossible. The settlor had manifested a general charitable intention to devote property to a charitable purpose. Today rule has been taken over by statute, but doctrine of cy-pres still remains relevant. Charitable Trusts Act 1957: part 3 provides mechanism for the modification and variation of the mode of administration and of the purposes of the charitable trust. This process is done through the AG. If charitable trust fails, money and property doesnt go back to settlor, trustee will come up with scheme to do the settlors intentions as best as possible with a new remedy, will go to the AG and if they are happy with it, goes to court and is passed (Mundsen, 2013). Charitable trust exam question- may get exam question looking about setting up a purpose trust, what if it doesnt come within one of the heads- no beneficiary= could be charitable trust. (Socities Trusts, 2016). Conclusion It has been the methods which were set out under the act have been mentioned above in regard to the variation. 3. Part 2 (A) Issue Whether there are some methods by which courts determine the applicability of granting interim injunction or not? Rule Judicature Act 1908 Application An interim injunction is a temporary order of the court that prohibits or compels some action until the court has heard the arguments of all the parties and made a permanent order. In a case like this, when the applicant approaches the Court complaining against the Statutory Authority alleging arbitrariness, bias or favouritism, the court, being custodian of law, must examine the averments made in the application to form a tentative opinion as to whether there is any substance in those allegations (New Zealand Legislation, 2016). Grant of temporary injunction, is governed by three basic principles, i.e. prima facie case; balance of convenience; and irreparable injury, which are required to be considered in a proper perspective in the facts and circumstances of a particular case. But it may not be appropriate for any court to hold a mini trial at the stage of grant of temporary injunction (Vide S.M. Dyechem Ltd. Vs. M/s. Cadbury (India) Ltd., AIR 2000 SC 2114; and Anand Prasad Agarwalla (supra). The grant of an interlocutory injunction is subject to its own test for consideration by the court,2 namely, whether: there is a fair and bona fide question to be tried; Damages would be an adequate remedy; and the balance on convenience favors the grant of an injunction (Carey, 2012). Conclusion It has been concluded that there has been various methods which were considered by the court in order to grant interim injunction which have been specified if they would be fulfilled then it can be granted. 3 (2). Issue Whether there were some issues pertaining to trustees duties does the current circumstance illustrate or not? Rule Trustee Act 1956 Application General rule: trustee required to administer trust in accordance with general principles of law and the trust instrument. There has been some duties which should be performed by him such as: To make acquaintance with trusts terms To adhere to the terms of the trust To maintain impartiality between beneficiaries: It includes two different aspects to the duty: Trustee must act impartially between individual beneficiaries Trustee must act impartially between different classes of beneficiaries. Sometimes its hard for trustee to balance interest of one beneficiary with a life interest and interest of beneficiaries who receive that benefit after person dies. To act in the beneficiaries best interests To avoid conflicts of interest (trustees owe a duty of loyalty to the trust): fiduciary relationship- equity recognizes. One party has measure of advantage over another party- must be counteracted by making sure one party adheres to higher standard of good behavior and conscience. Fiduciary relationship is called a duty of loyalty- which isnt actually a specific duty, is essentially policy that expresses over aim of other, more detailed obligations. Two key ones are fiduciary obligation not to act in situations where there is a conflict of interest, fiduciary duty not to make a profit at the expense of the beneficiary. Not to profit from the trusteeship: In the case of Bray v Ford [1896] AC 44 it was clearly held that it is an inflexible rule of a court of equity that a person in a fiduiary position is not, unless otherwise expressly provided, entitled to make a profit; he is not allowed to put himself in a position where his interest and his duty conflict. To invest the trust funds The rule against self-dealing, etc As per Trustee Act 1956 trustee have some other rights also such as: Section38(1): Implied right of indemnity: trustee may reimburse himself or pay or discharge out of the trust property all expenses reasonably incurred in or about the execution of the trusts or powers. 38(2): no trustee shall be allowed cost for execution of trusts unless the contrary is expressly declared by the instrument creating the trust. Section 13A Duty to invest Sections 13B Duty of trustee to invest prudently Section 13C duty of certain persons to exercise special skill Not to delegate their work to others To be active To act unanimously To pay the correct beneficiaries To keep proper accounts and give information as required The right to apply to the court for directions (Fortune Manning, 2016). Conclusion As mentioned above were the duties of the trustees but in the current situation Sarah would be liable for breaching the duty of a trustee as being a trustee it was clearly mentioned that he or she should not have persnla interest an in this case she was reluctant to agree as she was thinking that selling the property may cause a short term impact on her interest. So she would be punishable for the same. 4. Issue Whether it is likely that the family trust will be opened to allow creditors to be paid with the trust assets or not? Rule Property Relationships Act Application A landmark decision of the Supreme Court released in 2016 has clarified the circumstances in which assets held in a trust may be vulnerable to relationship property claims and potentially claims by creditors. The case involved a property trust which had been settled by Mr Clayton around 13 years after commencing a relationship with Mrs Clayton. Mr and Mrs Clayton separated after a 17-year marriage and had two daughters who are the final beneficiaries of the property trust. Mr Clayton maintained that none of the assets in the trust were relationship property and that Mrs Clayton was not entitled to a division of those assets as part of the relationship property settlement. The significance of this court decision is that the Supreme Court found that the various powers which Mr Clayton enjoyed under the trust deed gave him such a degree of control over the assets of the trust that those powers were effectively property for the purposes of the Property Relationships Act. The value of those powers was equivalent to the value of the trust assets, and were relationship property and able to be divided equitably between Mr and Mrs Clayton (Herbert Smith Freehills, 2016). This decision is significant in a number of ways. First, it looks at the cumulative effect of the different provisions of the trust deed and concludes that those provisions give Mr Clayton the power to effectively deal with the trust capital and income in whatever way he chooses. Mr Clayton is the sole trustee of the trust and is also the settlor. He is a Principal Family Member under the trust deed which gave him the power of appointment of both discretionary beneficiaries and trustees. He had the power to change any provision relating to the management and administration of the trust. Most importantly, he had the power to pay or apply all of the trust capital to one or more discretionary beneficiaries (of which he was one). He could also provide for early distribution of the trust capital including to himself alone. The trust deed also contains a very broad resettlement power which means that Mr Clayton could establish a new trust for any one or more of the discretionary beneficiaries (including himself) leaving little or no capital in the property trust. The cumulative effect of these provisions gave Mr Clayton such control over trust property that the Supreme Court treated the cumulative rights as property rights of Mr Clayton for the purposes of the Property Relationships Act which are equivalent to the value of the trust assets and available to be divided under that legislation. It is possible that the same argument could be made where a liquidator is seeking to recover assets which have been settled on a trust and indeed one of the authorities relied on by the Supreme Court did arise in a liquidation case rather than a relationship property case. This decision reinforces the importance of ensuring that a trust deed is well drafted and ensures that no one person is able to control the assets of the trust in the way that Mr Clayton was able to do. It is advisable to have more than one trustee and at least one independent trustee who is not a beneficiary of the trust. It is important to ensure that the powers to appoint and remove beneficiaries and trustees cannot be used to subvert the purposes of the trust which is to provide for the final discretionary beneficiaries. In the Clayton case there were a number of provisions which removed the normal fiduciary obligations of Mr Clayton (that is the duties of good faith). The nail in the coffin for Mr Clayton was that there was no effective means of preventing him from exercising the powers he was given in favour of himself. In establishing a trust, the settlors do lose a degree of control over their assets. In many situations, client resist losing control and choose not to have an independent trustee and to have provisions similar to those in the Clayton case. This decision reinforces that such trusts are not impregnable to the claims of spouses and liquidators or other creditors. Conclusion It has been concluded that yes in some cases it can be done. 5. Part A Issue Whether to someone do the proceeds of Julians dishonesty belongs or not? Rule Corporations Act Application The proceeds of Julian would belong to the corporation and Ron from which he took money. In both New Zealand and Canada a flexible approach has been adopted in relation to relief for breach of fiduciary duty and in other contexts including breach of confidence claims. In these jurisdictions, the constructive trust is not considered to be the most appropriate remedy in the vast majority of cases (Ridge, 2016). The approach of the High Court to the award of a constructive trust in respect of gains acquired in breach of fiduciary duty has changed significantly in recent years. In earlier authorities, it was asserted that a constructive trust arises in respect of the gains and that the advantage must be held for the beneficiary. In Henry (Keith) Co v Walker (Stewart)Dixon CJ, McTiernan and Fullagar JJ indicated that any property acquired by use of the fiduciary position is held by the fiduciary in trust for the beneficiaries, whilst in Hospital Products Mason J also indicated that the fiduciary must account in equity, and the appropriate remedy is by means of a constructive trust. Conclusion Therefore, it has been mentioned above that Julian have breached his duty and therefore would be liable for the same. Part B Issue Whether A-Door is likely to be successful in an action against Ken in equity and preferable to sue for breach of contract or not? Rule Contract Law Application Oral contracts are spoken agreements that are sometimes legally binding. The problem proving an oral contract is the lack of tangible evidence. Oral contract cases often rely on the performance of one or both parties that exhibits a clear reliance on the agreement. Certain oral contracts are considered enforceable. Enforceable contracts are those which a legal remedy is offered if they are breached by either party. There are several remedies for breach of contract, such as award of damages, specific performance, rescission, and restitution. In courts of limited jurisdiction, the main remedy is an award of damages. Because specific performance and rescission are equitable remedies that do not fall within the jurisdiction of the magistrate courts Conclusion Therefore, yes it has been concluded that A- door would be successful in making action against Ken in equity. And would be liable to get award of damages for breach. References Carey, G. (2012). Ireland: Court Confirms Restrictive Approach To Mandatory Interlocutory Injunctions. Retrieved on 23rd October 2016 from: Fortune Manning. (2016). The Duties, Office And Powers Of A Trustee. Retrieved on 23rd October 2016 from: https://www.fortunemanning.co.nz/Publications/Family+Trusts/The+Duties+Office+And+Powers+Of+A+Trustee.html Herbert Smith Freehills. (2016). Creditors and Jurisdiction Choose Wisely. Retrieved on 23rd October 2016 from: https://hsfnotes.com/pwtd/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2016/02/HSF-Second-White-Paper.pdf https://www.mondaq.com/ireland/x/210140/Arbitration+Dispute+Resolution/Employment+Pensions+and+Benefits+Newsletter+November+2012 Moore Stephens Markhams. (2016). Trustee of a Family Trust? Are you aware of your responsibilities? Retrieved on 23rd October 2016 from: https://www.markhams.co.nz/trustee-of-a-family-trust-are-you-aware-of-your-responsibilities/ Mundsen, V. ( 2013). Variation of CharitableTrust. Retrieved on 23rd October 2016 from: https://mattersoftrust.co.nz/2013/10/13/variation-of-charitable-trust/ New Zealand legislation. ( 2016). Charities Act 2005. Retrieved on 23rd October 2016 from: https://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2005/0039/latest/DLM344368.html#DLM345006 New Zealand Legislation. (2016). Judicature Act 1908. Retrieved on 23rd October 2016 from: https://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/1908/0089/latest/DLM147653.html Ridge, P. (2016). Participatory Liability for Breach of Trust or Fiduciary Duty. Retrieved on 23rd October 2016 from: https://law.anu.edu.au/sites/all/files/users/u8613731/ridge_chapter_final.pdf Socities Trusts. (2016). Charitable Trusts. Retrieved on 23rd October 2016 from: https://www.societies.govt.nz/cad-docs/F/FS_Charitable_Trusts.html Te Puni Kokiri. ( 2016). Duties of directors/trustees. Retrieved on 23rd October 2016 from: https://www.tpk.govt.nz/en/whakamahia/effective-governance/being-a-board-member/duties-of-directorstrustees/

Lab Report Help Sample

Lab Report Help Paper Mrs. Wolf Period:3 AP Chem Lab Report: Determination Of the Molar Volume Of a Gas Objective: TO react MGM and HCI and form hydrogen gas, then after collecting lab data, determine the hydrogen gass molar volume at STEP through calculation. Materials: -Labiates data collector ; 3. MM of HCI solution Ribbon of MGM metal Gas pressure sensor Temperature probe 600 ml beaker 125 ml Erlenmeyer flask 20 ml gas syringe Rubber stopper with two-way valve Plastic tubing Analytical balance Procedure: I. Retrieve an Erlenmeyer flask then determine its volume. 2. Obtain a MGM ribbon from teacher then make sure to polish until sample is a metallic silver then measure ribbon on a analytical balance then place in flask, afterwards record mass in your data. 3. Fill a large beaker With room temperature water. 4. Start up Labiates and attach the pressure and temperature probe. 5. Connect a rubber stopper to the pressure probe and later to the flask with valve closed so that absolutely no hydrogen gas will escape. 6. Posses a five ml sample 3. 0 M HCI solution and place in a syringe. Connect syringe to the two-way valve on stopper 7. Calculations for % error- 22. 4-224 = 0% for trials one and two. 224 6. A student fails to polish each sample of MGM ribbon before massing them, What effect does this error have on the calculated molar volume of hydrogen gas? Mathematically justify your answer The mass of the MGM ribbon would be higher than it should which would lead to the moles of MGM and H2O (because they both have a mole ratio) to be higher hen it should. Then when you divide liters by moles in the molar volume calculation you will be dividing by a larger mole number, thus producing a smaller number for the molar volume. We will write a custom essay sample on Lab Report Help specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Lab Report Help specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Lab Report Help specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Which in turn would give lower liters per mole ratio and State that there is less H2O gas then there actually is. Molar Volume Calculation for distorted trial one ;0. 011 L H2O = IS. Mm/L (4. 9 x 10-4 -e . 0002 mol of distortion) 7. A different student fails to insert the stopper into the flask while determining the available volume of the 125 ml flask. What effect does this error has on the calculated molar volume? Mathematically justify your answer. Some of the H2O gas would be let out, thus in turn would lower the volume of the gas and giving it a lower molar volume. Molar Volume Calculation for distorted trial two: (0. 13-0. 002 L gas let out) 5. 8 x 10_4 = 19. 0 m/L Summary: What was basically supposed to be done in this lab was we were to react a ribbon of magnesium and a HCI solution inside of a Erlenmeyer flask to form H2O gas. While we were doing this we were to collect all different types of data variables such as temperature and pressure, During the performance of the ABA we had to make sure that we set up the sensors, syringe and rubber stopper all correctly, otherwise errors such as gas escaping or an incorrect pressure reading could all lead to the molar volume calculation being distorted. Some things that could hue been learned by doing this lab would be using gas equations and some lab data you can project a molar volume for literally any gas. Also I could hue learned to operate many different lab equipment that have never had any experience using before, such and the syringe and learning to correctly use a two-way rubber stopper. The data was given because I wasnt there to perform the lab gave me a zero percent error when I worked the numbers through the calculations, but as previously stated there could be many sources of error including not polishing of the magnesium, adding to much of the HCI solution, not using the syringe correctly, and possibly letting out some of the H2O because someone might have accidentally left the two way valve open. Overall this looks like a lab were a tremendous amount of vital skills could have been learned, and Im severely disappointed that had to miss it.

Serial Murder essays

Serial Murder essays On the night of January 23rd, 1978, a 21 year-old woman was found murdered. The killer, in no way connected to the victim, had torn all clothes from the woman's body and had ripped open her lower abdomen. A huge knife wound gaped from breast to navel , some inner organs had been cut out. Several body parts were missing. There were some stab wounds in the left breast. The killer had put animal excrement into the victim's mouth. To all appearances he had caught blood in a yogurt tub and drunk it (uni- saarland.de/fak5/ezw/abteil/motiv/paper/murder_engl.htm) Murder, the uglier side of our society, never seems to want to go away. Sometimes the crime is almost automatic: Rejected love, laid off employees, revenge, drugs, and sheer hatred. The suspect is apprehended, the motives are identified, and the case is shelved away amongst the myriads of others almost as quickly as it was discovered. Alas, what do you do when paths are blocked off, roads are closed down, and common sense seems to have taken a break? What do you do when murder doesnt make sense? What becomes of the preceding case? One of the increasingly popular and rapidly growing fields of study in the general realm of analysis is criminology; the study of crimes, criminals, and their behaviors. Although criminology as a whole, is too vast an area to try and understand in the limited time that we have, the study of serial killers, as branch of this field, is a concentrated area of focus. During the course of time, there have been various theories as to explain the real causes, as well as solutions, to the unfortunate problem of serial murder. Killing at random, with no obvious purpose or motive, has in turn, become one of the deadliest cancers of any civilized society. As sort of a principle foundation of ideas, criminologists have determined several conclusions that they believe refers to all serial killers. The fi...

Space Age Furniture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Space Age Furniture - Essay Example Space Age Furniture manufactures tables and cabinets to hold portable televisions and microwave ovens. It has the part no. 3079 which is used in two subassemblies, no. 435 used in Gemini TV stand and no.257 used in the Saturn Microwave. Using a lot size of 1,000; Using the master schedule, in week 1, 600 Gemini and 300 Saturn were made. Here, parts no. 435 and 257 were use in the subassemblies and part 3079 were also each used in each sub assemblies to make the final products. Therefore, to make the final product in week one; To improve the over sub-assemblies in lot sizes of 1,000, the management can increase the demand for the final product so that, all the sub-assemblies produced can be used in the production of the final product (Gray, 2000). For this mater, any week when sub-assemblies of lot sizes 1,000 are produced and the number is higher than the minimum required, the rest can be used for production in the next or the following week following the week in question. For this problem, if the sub-assemblies of lot sizes 1,000 have produced a lumpy demand for part no. 3079, it therefore means that, the demand for the different subassemblies such as part no. 257 and part no. 435 must also increase, hence increasing the demand for the subassemblies used to produce the final product. To make good use of this, the over demanded quantity of part no. 3079 can be used to produce more final products to boost profits (Magee, 2010). Any overtime work, the machinist is paid a 50% premium. If he is paid $22 on normal working hours, it means, during overtime, he is paid $11. On the other hand, inventory costs include $0.25 to hold any part per week and it also costs $0.75 to hold the sub-assemblies in inventory per week. This means that it costs $1 to hold all these components in the inventory per week. It means therefore that, for every hour, overtime is paid at $11, for a whole week, there are 40-hours worked. It therefore shows that, the on each unit produced,

The Use of PlayTherapy in Treating Toddlers by The Health Care Essay

The Use of PlayTherapy in Treating Toddlers by The Health Care Profession - Essay Example Therefore, play therapy is considered as an important part of physiotherapy when treating toddlers as well as young children. For this study, the researcher will gather appropriate journals for the literature review. To give the researcher a better understanding of play therapy, the researcher will first provide the different types of play that can be used within the different health care settings. Eventually, the researcher will discuss the importance of play therapy on the mental, physical and social developmental growth of toddlers. Since children naturally express their thoughts and feelings through play, the researcher will discuss the impact of play therapy in treating toddlers during the physiotherapy treatment sessions. Prior to the main discussion and recommendation for the use of play therapy within the physiotherapy units, the researcher will discuss the role of physical therapists in the application of play therapy in assessing and treating the toddlers. Upon discussion the scope and limitations of the research study, the researcher will discuss the implications for future research study. treating the toddlers with physiological problems during the child’s physiotherapy treatment sessions. Another goal of the study is to determine the role of physical therapists in the application of play therapy in assessing and treating toddlers. Exercise Physiology – â€Å"the scientific discipline involving the examination of how acute and chronic physical activity influences the structure and function of the human body.† (Birch, McLaren, & George, 2005: 1 – 2) Play Therapy – â€Å"a developmentally sensitive therapeutic modality wherein a trained play therapist apply the therapeutic effects of play to enable the children to prevent or resolve their psychosocial difficulties to achieve their optimal growth and development.† (Bratton et al., 2003) In gathering peer-reviewed evidences regarding the impact and importance of play

Selection Interview as an Effective Employee Selection Practice Essay

Selection Interview as an Effective Employee Selection Practice - Essay Example The rationale for the selection interview as the final determination of a candidate’s fate is that it will predict the performance of the potential candidate. However, this is a misplaced concept. Even lie detector test need a baseline to determine which statement are lies and which are not. Without a baseline for the candidate’s demeanor, inflections and overall behaviour it is very hard to accurately determine his intention and motivations or predict his future performance. Just the same, given that selection interviews are still preffered by many managers to â€Å"feel† their candidates, the Human Resoruce Management Department should equip these managers the skills and knowledge they need to have. â€Å"A competency-based framework is advocated as the best way to creating a level playing field for evaluating candidates and for improving the validity of the selection interview. Competencies should be developed as part of a job analysis in which job descriptio n defines the duties or tasks invovled and a person specification details the characteristics or knowledge, skills and abilities required to perform the job. Some competencies can be assessed only by experts and others may require work samples, while still others need to be monitored or assess over time in the job. Competency approaches should therefore be developed as part of the corporate resource policy.† (Swift & Robertson, 2000) According to Lou Adler (1998) in the book â€Å"Hire with Your Head† The best interviewers use two different critical thinking skills, one for the hiring decision and another for information gathering. They recognize that the hiring decision must be intuitive, since there is never enough information to match abilities, needs, and interests... In Hiring the Best the following were cautioned to be the normal problems when a the wrong person is hired for the job. â€Å"Poor analysis of job functions, leading to the recruitment of the wrong people. Misguided recruitment strategies, leading to an inadequte pool of talent. Poor analysis of the necessary skill sets and behaviors, leading to inappropriate selection criteria.Inadequate initial screening, leading to wasted time and the wrong candidate on the short list. Selection interviews it is best to be prepared, knowing what you want is better than the candidate telling you that you want them, a good charismatic salesman can do that. Unless the position that needs to be filled up is for a salesman that is not a good way to choose the best candidate. The job description of the position to be filled should be on hand and in the mind of the interviewer. But knowing the technical requirement of the job is not enough. The interviewer should also be familiar with the culture or operating atmosphere of the position that is going to be filled. Information such as these is useful in determining the right behaviour, temperament and attitude needed for the job that should be in the ideal candidate. For organizations, the best interviewers are those that do not harbour or display any strong biases in any form. Training the interviewers in basic psychology and conducting scientific interview is another strategy in assuring professionally conducted selection interviews. The best result however may not be within the range or near one hundred percent as far as choosing the best and ideal candidates. This is due to the fact that selection interviews are intuitive in nature. It’s just that some are better liars than most.